Chapter 6- Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control(HIRARC)
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Pleasure to meet all of you. Today, me, Mohd Danial khair bin Hamzah and my friends, Mohamad Afif bin Zakaria, Kevin Jeeva Raj a/l Hendry Joseph and Muhammad Shahrul Nizam Bin Zainal are going to show all of you about HIRARC. As we know HIRARC means, hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control.
As we know the definition of risk is, a combination of the likehood of an occurrence of a hazardous event with specified circumstances and the severity of injury or damage to the health of people, property, environment or any combination of these caused by the event.
WHY NEED RISK CONTROL
Risk control is, elimination or inactivation of a hazard in a manner such that the hazard does not pose a risk to workers who have to enter into an area or work on equipment in the course of scheduled work. Why do we need risk control?
*Project problems can be reduced as much as 90% by using risk analysis.
*Positives:
1)More info available during planning.
2)Improved probability of success/optimum project.
*Negatives:
1)Belief that all risks are accounted for.
2)Project cut due risk level.
TYPES OF CONTROLS
1.
Elimination action
Elimination of the hazard is not always achievable though it does totally remove the hazard and thereby eliminates the risk of exposure. An example of this would be that petrol station attendants in Ireland are no longer exposed to the risk of chronic lead poisoning following the removal of lead from petrol products sold at forecourts.
2.
Substitution action
Substituting the hazard may not remove all of the hazards associated with the process or activity and may introduce different hazards but the overall harm or health effects will be lessened. In laboratory research, toluene is now often used as a substitute for benzene. The solvent-properties of the two are similar but toluene is less toxic and is not categorised as a carcinogen although toluene can cause severe neurological harm.
3.
Isolation action
Isolating the hazard is achieved by restricting access to plant and equipment or in the case of substances locking them away under strict controls. When using certain chemicals then a fume cupboard can isolate the hazard from the person, similarly placing noisy equipment in a non-accessible enclosure or room isolates the hazard from the person(s).
4. Engineering controls action
Engineering Controls involve redesigning a process to place a barrier between the person and the hazard or remove the hazard from the person, such as machinery guarding, proximity guarding, extraction systems or removing the operator to a remote location away from the hazard.
5. Administrative controls action
Administrative controls include adopting standard operating procedures or safe work practices or providing appropriate training, instruction or information to reduce the potential for harm and/or adverse health effects to person(s). Isolation and permit to work procedures are examples of administrative controls.
6.
Personal protective equipment action
Personal protective equipment (PPE) include gloves, glasses, earmuffs, aprons, safety footwear, dust masks which are designed to reduce exposure to the hazard. PPE is usually seen as the last line of defence and is usually used in conjunction with one or more of the other control measures. An example of the weakness of this control measure is that it is widely recognised that single-use dust masks cannot consistently achieve and maintain an effective facepiece-to-face seal, and cannot be adequately fit-tested and do not offer much, if any real protection against small particulates and may lead to a false sense of security and increase risk. In such instances an extraction system with fitted respirators may be preferable where the hazard may have significant health effects from low levels of exposure such as using isocyante containing chemicals.
WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF THE RISK IS NOT IN CONTROL?
Workers may got the serious accident that can cause them get into the hospital such as arm and leg broken, head blooded, and the most critical is death. In order to reduce the hazard or most critical hazard rate, the employer should show commitment towards safety and health practices & therefore giveful priority to promote enforce the safety & health rules in workplace. Hierarchy of control were use in order to minimize & control the most critical hazard that exist at the workplace. Next, to ensure the safety culture can be implemented in on organization. The management & workers have to take part in any safety & health programme and give a full cooperation when come to safety & health issues.We should practice safe and healthy of living in this world with applying the enforcement rules and regulation that related the workplace safety and hygiene. The most important things in this world is "health" without it life is nothing. What- If hazard analysis is a relatively simple and flexible method and identifying and analyzing hazard in a process, activity or system. It can be apply to a wide range of circumstances in almost all industries. As one of the process hazard analysis methods listed in the OSHA Process Safety Management standard, the What -If method has become a commonly use technique, both in regulated and non regulated operation.
CONCLUSION
The conclusion we can get from this group discussion, in order to reduce hazard rate, the employer should show commitment towards safety and health practices and therefore give full priority to promote and enforce the safety and health in workplace. Beside that, Hierarchy of control were use in order to minimize and control the most critical hazard that exist at the workplace. Furthermore, to ensure the safety culture can be implemented in an organization. Moreover, the managementand workers have to take part in any safety and health program and give a full cooperation when comes to safety and health issues.
Reference :
1) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierarchy_of_hazard_controls#Administrative_control
2)http://www.hsa.ie/eng/Topics/Hazards/
3) https://oshwiki.eu/wiki/Occupational_safety_and_health_risk_assessment_methodologies#Risk_control
4) https://www.slideshare.net/mohdariffinsamsuri/presentation-hirarc-sem-3-41083904
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